IEEE Citation Style
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers style is a widely accepted format for writing research papers, commonly used in technical fields, particularly in computer science. IEEE style is based on the Chicago Style.
Formats of IEEE Style: Books
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of His Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, (only U.S. State), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx.
Examples:
Klaus and P. Horn, Robot Vision. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 1986.
L. Stein, “Random patterns,” in Computers and You, J. S. Brake, Ed. New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 1994, pp. 55–70.
Books, Monographs (Online)
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, State, Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx. [Online]. Available: http://www.web.com
Example:
G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics, vol. 3, Polymers of Hexadromicon, J. Peters, Ed., 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64. [Online]. Available: http://www.bookref.com.
Book Translated
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, X. Editor, Ed., xth ed. City of Publisher, State (only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher (in Language), year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx
Example:
M. Gorkii, “Optimal design,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 12, pp. 111–122, 1961 (Transl.: in L. Pontryagin, Ed., The Mathematical Theory of Optimal Processes. New York, NY, USA: Interscience, 1962, ch. 2, sec. 3, pp. 127– 135).
Book with Chapter Title
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, X. Editor, Ed., City of Publisher, State (only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx.
Example:
T. Ogura, “Electronic government and surveillance-oriented society,” in Theorizing Surveillance: The Panopticon and Beyond. Cullompton, U.K.: Willan, 2006, ch. 13, pp. 270–295.
Book with Editor(s)
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, X. Editor, Ed., City of Publisher, State (only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, pp. xxx–xxx.
X. Editor, Ed. Title of Published Book. City of Publisher, State (only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year
Examples:
L. Stein, “Random patterns,” in Computers and You, J. S. Brake, Ed., New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 1994, pp. 55– 70.
C. Bennett, “What happens when you book an airline ticket? The collection and processing of passenger data post9/11,” in Global Surveillance and Policing: Borders, Security, Identity, E. Zureik and M. Salter, Eds., Cullompton, U.K.: Willan, 2005, pp. 113–138.
Book with Series Title, Volume Title, and Edition
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of His Published Book, X. Editor, Ed., xth ed. City of Publisher, State (only U.S.), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx.
Example:
Taflove, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method in Computational Electrodynamics II, vol. 3, 2nd ed. Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House, 1996.
Conferences and Conference Proceedings
Conference Paper (Paper Presented at a Conference)
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” presented at the Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of Conf., Abbrev. State, Country, Month and day(s), year, Paper number.
Example:
Caratelli, M. C. Viganó, G. Toso, and P. Angeletti, “Analytical placement technique for sparse arrays,” presented at the 32nd ESA Antenna Workshop, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, Oct. 5–8, 2010.
Conference Proceedings in Print (Paper Presented at a Conference)
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., (location of conference is optional), (Month and day(s) if provided) year, pp. xxx-xxx.
Example:
Amador-Perez and R. A. Rodriguez-Solis, “Analysis of a CPW-fed annular slot ring antenna using DOE,” in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., Jul. 2006, pp. 4301–4304.
Conference Proceedings With DOI
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., (location of conference is optional), year, pp. xxx– xxx, doi: xxx.
Example:
G. Veruggio, “The EURON roboethics roadmap,” in Proc. Humanoids ’06: 6th IEEE-RAS Int. Conf. Humanoid Robots, 2006, pp. 612–617, doi: 10.1109/ICHR.2006.321337.
Conference Proceedings with Editors
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., X. Editor, Ed. (location of conference is optional), year, pp. xxx-xxx.
Example:
Amador-Perez and R. A. Rodriguez-Solis, “Analysis of a CPW-fed annular slot ring antenna using DOE,” in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., A. Amador-Perez and R. A. Rodriguez-Solis, Eds. Jul. 2006, pp. 4301–4304.
Conference Proceedings with Location
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., City, State, Country, year, pp. xxx–xxx
Example:
L. S. Carmichael, N. Ghani, P. K. Rajan, K. O’Donoghue, and R. Holt, “Characterization and comparison of modern layer-2 Ethernet survivability protocols,” in Proc. 37th Southeastern Symp. Syst. Theory (SSST 2005), Tuskegee, AL, USA, Mar. 20–22, 2005, pp. 124–129.
Conference Proceedings with Series Title, Volume Title, and Edition
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf. in Volume Title, in Series Title, ed., year, pp. xxxxxx
Example:
Amador-Perez and R. A. Rodriguez-Solis, “Analysis of a CPW-fed annular slot ring antenna using DOE,” in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., in Slot Ring Antennas II, vol. 3, 2nd ed., Jul. 2006, pp. 4301–4304
Conference Paper Online
Basic Format:
J. K. Author. (Date). Title. Presented at Abbreviated Conf. title. [Type of Medium]. Available: site/path/file.
Example:
Process Software Corp., Framingham, MA, USA. Intranets: Internet technologies deployed behind the firewall for corporate productivity. Presented at INET’96 Annu. Meeting. [Online]. Available: http://www.process.com/ Intranets/wp2.htp
Conference Proceedings Online
Basic Format:
J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., (location of conference is optional), year, pp. xxxxxx. [Online]. Available: http://www.url.com
Example:
J. Yanamadala et al., “Segmentation of the visible human project (VHP) female cryosection images within MATLAB environment,” in Proc. 23rd Int. Meshing Roundtable, London, U.K., Oct. 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.imr.sandia.gov/papers/imr23.htm
Handbooks
Basic Format:
Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State, year, pp. xxx-xxx
Example:
Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, USA,1985, pp. 44–60.
Lectures
Lecture Notes
Basic Format:
J. K. Author. (Year). Title of lecture [Type of Medium]. Available: URL
Example:
J. Barney. (2011). Documenting literature [PowerPoint slides]. Available: http://moodle.cotr/english/gill
Manuals/Software
Basic Format:
J. K. Author (or Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co. Abbrev. State, Country). Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed. (year). Accessed: Date. [Online]. Available: http://www.url.com
Example:
L. Breimann. Manual on Setting Up, Using, and Understanding Random Forests v4.0. (2003). Accessed: Apr. 16, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://oz.berkeley.edu/users/breiman/Using_random_forests_v4.0.pdf
Manual (Print)
Basic Format:
Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State, Country, year, pp. xxx–xxx
Example:
Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, USA,1985, pp. 44–60.
Manual (Online)
Basic Format:
J. K. Author (or Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co. Abbrev. State, Country). Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed. (year). Accessed: Date. [Online]. Available: http://www.url.com
Examples:
L. Breimann. Manual on Setting Up, Using, and Understanding Random Forests v4.0. (2003). Accessed: Apr. 16, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://oz.berkeley.edu/users/breiman/Using_random_forests_v4.0.pdf
Software
Basic Format:
Title of Software. (version or year), Publisher Name. Accessed: Date (when applicable). [Type of Medium]. Available: site/path/file
Example:
Antenna Products. (2011). Antcom. Accessed: Feb. 12, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.antcom.com/ documents/catalogs/L1L2GPSAntennas.pdf
Website
The most basic entry for a website consists of the author’s name(s), page title, website title, web address, and date accessed:
First Name Initial(s) Last Name. “Page Title.” Website Title. Web Address (retrieved Date Accessed).
J. Smith. “Obama inaugurated as President.” CNN.com. http://www.cnn.com/POLITICS/01/21/obama_inaugurated/index.html (accessed Feb. 1, 2009).
The first author’s name should be first initial(s) and then the last name and a period. Titles and affiliations associated with the author should be omitted. A suffix, such as a roman numeral or Jr./Sr., should appear after the author’s given name, preceded by a comma.
For a page with two or more authors, list them in the order as they appear on the website. Separate author names by a comma.
J. Smith and J. Doe. “Obama inaugurated as President.” CNN.com. http://www.cnn.com/POLITICS/01/21/obama_inaugurated/index.html (accessed Feb. 1, 2009).
Include the web address of the page. Next, place the text “accessed” and the date on which you accessed the website (written in the format of “month day, year”) in parentheses. Conclude the citation with a period after the parentheses.
For informal websites (such as home page or fan websites) or websites without formal titles, use descriptive phrases in your citation in place of page or website titles.